The meaning is related to series of advances and new methods that allow getting information at the nanoscale or preferable at the molecular scale referring to both spatial resolution or structural information.The Extra Microscope has tunable and flexible performances depending on the biological question and reflects the integration in a flexible way of several approaches. It is worth noting that new correlative approaches coupling optical super resolved methods with scanning probe microscopes are providing interesting developments that will be outlined. Considering all these aspects we can re-phrase the sentence related to the Galilei's "occhialino" into" Microscopium extraordinarium nominare libuit".

We organize a series of theoretical and practical Schools about the advances in the field of nanoscale optical microscopy operating at the scale of nanometres to tens of nanometres, through the exchange of information, ideas, and innovative techniques. The understanding of methods and techniques has the great potential of allowing, in the near future, for the design and performance of new exciting experiments in Biophysics, Optics and Photonics.